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A Nurse-Led Multicomponent Self-Management Intervention for Patients With Cancer-Related Pain: A Randomized
Junfeng Zhang1, Xing Wu2, Wenru Yu1
1The Affiliated Dongguan Songshan Lake Central Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Purpose:
Pain remains a major challenge for advanced-stage patients with cancer despite management advances. The transition to outpatient care complicates self-management. Research on multicomponent mHealth-supported interventions for cancer pain self-management in China is limited. This study aims to evaluate a nurse-led multicomponent self-management intervention (MSMI) based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model-a framework positing that health behavior change requires information, motivation, and behavioral skills-for reducing pain intensity and improving self-efficacy, quality of life (QoL), pain-related knowledge, and medication adherence in cancer pain patients.
Design:
A prospective, single-blinded, parallel-group randomized controlled trial was carried out.
Methods:
The trial was carried out at an oncology center in southern mainland China. 88 adults with cancer-related pain were recruited and randomly allocated to the MSMI or control group. The MSMI was given to the intervention group, and usual care was given to the control group. The primary outcome was pain intensity; secondary outcomes were self-efficacy, QoL, pain-related knowledge, and medication adherence. Measures were assessed at baseline, immediately postintervention, and 4 weeks postintervention.
Results:
Compared with the control group, the intervention (MSMI) showed significantly greater reductions in pain intensity at T2, significantly greater improvements in self-efficacy at T1 and T2, and significantly greater improvements in pain-related knowledge at T2. No significant between-group differences were found for QoL or medication adherence.
Conclusions:
The nurse-led, digitally enhanced, Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills-based MSMI effectively improves pain intensity, self-efficacy, and pain-related knowledge for Chinese patients with cancer and moderate-to-severe pain.
Clinical Implications:
Implementing proactive nurse-led MSMI significantly enhances self-efficacy, pain knowledge, and pain reduction. It supports high treatment continuity through structured hospital-to-home transitions. Integration into standard care is recommended for managing cancer pain in outpatient settings.