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Investigating the Relationship Between Sensory Processing, Pain and Toe Walking Gait: A Survey Study
Jack H Donne1, Verity Pacey2, Desiree Polt3
1School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health
|July 24, 2026
Summary
Children who toe walk often experience sensory processing differences and pain, impacting their daily activities. Early assessment of these issues can improve function and quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric neurology
- Developmental pediatrics
- Occupational therapy
Background:
- Idiopathic toe walking is common in children, with potential links to sensory processing and pain.
- Understanding these comorbidities is crucial for effective intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sensory processing patterns and pain frequency/impact in children who toe walk.
- To explore the relationship between toe walking, sensory issues, and activity limitations.
Main Methods:
- International online cross-sectional survey (July 2024-March 2025).
- Participants: Parents of children aged 3-14 years with toe walking gait.
- Tools: Short Sensory Profile (SSP) and Child Activity Limitations Interview-9 (CALI-9).
Main Results:
- 187 children with toe walking gait included; 98% showed sensory processing challenges, especially those with autism spectrum disorder.
- 48% reported pain (feet, legs, hips), attributed to toe walking by most parents (94%) and clinicians (81%).
- Pain correlated with significant limitations in sports, running, and social participation.
Conclusions:
- Sensory processing differences and pain are prevalent in children who toe walk.
- Routine clinical assessment of sensory processing and pain is recommended.
- Targeted interventions can enhance participation, function, and quality of life for these children.
