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Frailty, Sarcopenia, and Cognitive Risk in Senior Living Communities: Associations with Relocation Reasons and
Chiung-Ju Liu1, Gabriella Ulloa1, Kelly Leal1
1Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 24, 2026
Summary
Many senior living residents face risks of frailty, sarcopenia, and cognitive decline. Promoting fitness amenity use and routine screenings can support healthy aging in these communities.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Geriatric Medicine
Background:
- Senior living communities offer supportive environments for aging in place.
- Older adults entering these communities often have pre-existing health vulnerabilities.
- Understanding resident health profiles is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of frailty, sarcopenia risk, and cognitive risk among senior living residents.
- To investigate the association between relocation reasons and these health risks.
- To examine the relationship between fitness amenity utilization and health outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional survey was administered to 147 residents aged 65+ who had resided in the community for at least 3 months.
- Data collected included demographics, health status, relocation reasons, physical activity, and fitness amenity use.
- Screening tools for frailty, sarcopenia risk, and cognitive impairment were utilized, with statistical analyses including Mann-Whitney U tests and Spearman correlations.
Main Results:
- 28.5% of residents met frailty criteria, 19.7% screened positive for sarcopenia risk, and 21.8% for cognitive risk.
- Health-related relocation reasons were significantly associated with higher frailty, sarcopenia risk, and cognitive impairment.
- Increased fitness amenity use correlated with lower frailty and sarcopenia risk, but not cognitive impairment.
Conclusions:
- A significant portion of senior living residents are at risk for frailty, sarcopenia, and cognitive impairment.
- Health status is a key factor influencing relocation decisions to senior living.
- Interventions focusing on routine screening and encouraging fitness amenity use are recommended to promote healthy aging.
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