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MTA does not induce oxidative stress and apoptotic response, or calcium-related cellular stress and preserves

Okan Sancer1, Deniz Yanık Nalbantoğlu2, Ahmet Mert Nalbantoğlu3

  • 1Genetic Research Unit, Innovative Technologies Application and Research Center, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.

Molecular Biology Reports
|July 24, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) maintained cell viability and molecular balance in fibroblasts over time. MTA did not trigger oxidative stress, apoptosis, or calcium imbalance, indicating good biocompatibility.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is widely used in dentistry.
  • Understanding its early biological effects is crucial for clinical application.
  • Investigating time-dependent cellular responses to MTA is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the time-dependent biological effects of MTA on L-929 fibroblasts.
  • To assess MTA's impact on cellular viability and gene expression.
  • To analyze gene expression related to oxidative stress, apoptosis, calcium homeostasis, and extracellular matrix.

Main Methods:

  • L-929 fibroblasts were exposed to MTA eluates at different time points (4, 6, 8, 24 hours).
  • Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay.
  • Gene expression levels of Nrf2, p53, CALB1, and FN were analyzed via real-time PCR.

Main Results:

  • Cell viability remained above the 70% biocompatibility threshold across all tested time points.
  • A statistically significant fluctuation in cell viability was observed between 4h and 6h, and 4h and 8h.
  • No significant differences in Nrf2, p53, CALB1, or FN gene expression were found between MTA-treated and control groups.

Conclusions:

  • MTA demonstrates biocompatibility by preserving cellular viability and molecular homeostasis.
  • MTA does not induce oxidative stress, apoptosis, or calcium imbalance during its setting phase.
  • Stable gene expression suggests MTA's ability to maintain intracellular equilibrium contributes to its favorable clinical performance.
Keywords:
ApoptosisEndodonticsExtracellular matrixMineral trioxide aggregateOxidative stress

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