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Functional gastrointestinal disorders in Turkish infants: impact of feeding practices, sleep quality, and maternal

Betül Yıldırım1, Egemen Tural2, Nevzat Aykut Bayrak3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Freelance Pediatrician, İstanbul, Türkiye.

The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics
|July 24, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Over half of Turkish infants experience functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), linked to poor sleep and maternal depression. Mixed feeding increases FGID risk, highlighting the need for integrated infant care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Gastroenterology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are prevalent in infants, impacting well-being and healthcare use.
  • Limited data exists on FGIDs in Turkish infants using Rome IV criteria.
  • This study investigates FGID prevalence, characteristics, and associated factors in Turkish infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine the prevalence and characteristics of FGIDs in Turkish infants (1-12 months).
  • Examine associations between FGIDs, feeding patterns, sleep quality, and maternal depression.
  • Identify risk factors for FGIDs in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 459 infants in a tertiary hospital (Feb-Aug 2020).
  • FGIDs diagnosed using Rome IV criteria.
  • Data collected via interviews on feeding, sleep (Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire), and maternal depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale).

Main Results:

  • 53.2% of infants had at least one FGID; 92 had multiple.
  • Infants with FGIDs were younger (median 3 months) and had poorer sleep (45.1%) compared to those without.
  • Mothers of infants with FGIDs reported higher depression scores (median 7.0).
  • Mixed breast milk and formula feeding increased FGID risk (aOR 2.16) versus exclusive breastfeeding, after age adjustment.

Conclusions:

  • FGIDs affect over half of Turkish infants, correlating with sleep issues and maternal depression.
  • Mixed feeding is an independent risk factor for FGIDs in infants.
  • Integrated care addressing feeding, sleep, and maternal mental health is recommended.
Abstract

Keywords:
breast feedinggastrointestinal diseasesinfantnewbornpostpartum depressionsleep

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