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Contribution of E190D and Q226H Mutations in HA to the Receptor-Binding Profile of D1.1 Genotype H5N1 Viruses
Yang Fang1, Lei Yang1, Shumei Zou1
1National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine), Beijing, China.
Abstract:
A 2024 human HPAI H5N1 case in British Columbia showed mixed viral populations containing HA-190D (28%) and HA-226H (35%) variants in tracheal aspirate sequencing. In this study, solid-phase binding assay and molecular docking were used to evaluate the contribution of HA-E190D/Q226H mutations to the viral receptor profiles. Our results showed that HA-E190D marginally reduced sialic acid α2,3 receptors' affinity, while HA-Q226H impaired both sialic acid α2,3 and α2,6 receptors' binding. These results demonstrate that neither mutation strengthens viral binding to human-type receptors, indicating that such substitutions are unlikely to heighten the public health threat posed by the virus for now.
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