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Magnesium depletion score and erectile dysfunction: A cross-sectional and Mendelian randomization study
Zhexin Zhang1,2, Mo Yan3, Siyuan Wu4,5
1Department of Urology, Lu'an Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Lu'an, Anhui, China.
Medicine
|July 25, 2026
Summary
Higher magnesium depletion scores (MDS) are linked to increased erectile dysfunction (ED) risk in US men. While not directly causal, magnesium metabolism may play a role in ED within a broader cardiometabolic context.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Metabolic Disorders
- Urology
Background:
- Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with vascular and metabolic conditions.
- Magnesium is vital for endothelial function, inflammation, and metabolism, yet its link to ED is not fully understood.
- The magnesium depletion score (MDS) quantifies chronic magnesium loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between MDS and ED in US adults.
- To explore genetic links between magnesium metabolism and ED using Mendelian randomization (MR).
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of 3692 men (≥20 years) from NHANES (2001-2004).
- MDS calculated using renal function, diuretic/PPI use, and alcohol consumption.
- Logistic regression, subgroup analysis, restricted cubic splines, and MR analyses were employed.
Main Results:
- Higher MDS correlated with increased odds of ED (OR=1.40).
- Men with MDS ≥2 had over double the odds of ED compared to those with MDS <2.
- MR analyses showed no direct causal effect of magnesium metabolism on ED, but a modest association after adjustments.
Conclusions:
- Elevated MDS is associated with higher odds of ED in US adult men.
- MDS may be a potential risk marker for ED.
- Further research is needed to confirm the clinical significance of MDS in ED.