Accelerating the decomposition kinetics of Li5FeO4 for mitigating potential risks in practical applications
Li Li1, Haotian Xie1,2, Yichun Zheng3
1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 P. R. China yuqiao@xmu.edu.cn yilongchen2019@163.com m.yang@xmu.edu.cn.
Manganese doping enhances Li-rich Li$_{5}$FeO$_{4}$ (LFMO) cathode prelithiation agents, improving energy density and suppressing gas evolution in batteries. This breakthrough addresses safety hazards, enabling safer, high-energy-density power batteries.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Battery Technology
Background:
- Lithium-ion battery energy density is limited by irreversible lithium loss during initial cycling.
- Cathode prelithiation is crucial for offsetting this loss and enhancing battery performance.
- Antifluorite Li-rich Li$_{5}$FeO$_{4}$ (LFO) is a promising prelithiation agent but causes gas evolution at high loadings due to kinetic mismatches.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cause of gas evolution in graphite‖LiFePO$_{4}$ (Gr‖LFP) pouch cells using LFO prelithiation.
- To develop a strategy to enhance LFO decomposition kinetics and mitigate parasitic reactions.
- To improve the safety and energy density of high-energy-density batteries.
Main Methods:
- Systematic elucidation of LFO decomposition and parasitic reactions using kinetic mismatch analysis.
- Tailoring LFO's electronic structure and oxygen oxidation pathway via manganese (Mn) doping to create LFMO.
- Evaluating the prelithiation capacity, electronic conductivity, and stability of LFMO.
Main Results:
- Identified kinetic mismatch between LFO and LFP as the cause of incomplete LFO decomposition and residual reactive oxygen species.
- Mn doping in LFO (forming LFMO) enhanced electronic conductivity and stabilized oxygen electron holes, accelerating decomposition kinetics.
- LFMO exhibited a prelithiation capacity of 752.5 mAh g$^{-1}$ (7.8% improvement over LFO).
- Incorporating 2.7 wt% LFMO into pouch cells increased energy density by 2.4% and significantly suppressed gas evolution.
Conclusions:
- Manganese doping effectively addresses the kinetic limitations of LFO, enhancing its performance as a prelithiation agent.
- The developed LFMO material significantly improves battery safety by suppressing gas evolution.
- This work paves the way for developing high-energy-density and inherently safe power batteries through advanced cathode prelithiation.
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