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Sex Hormones and the Risk of Nasal Polyps: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Ying Zhu1,2,3, Jia-Yao Zhou1,2,3, Shi-Yao Zhang1,2,3
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China.
Summary
This study suggests that higher levels of bioavailable testosterone may reduce the risk of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps, particularly in females. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and understand the mechanisms involved.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Genetics
- Immunology
Background:
- Sex hormones play a role in airway inflammation.
- Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and nasal polyps (NP) are inflammatory conditions of the upper airway.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal effect of sex hormones on CRS and NP using Mendelian randomization.
- To explore potential sex-specific associations.
Main Methods:
- A two-sample Mendelian randomization study was conducted.
- Genetic data for sex hormones (bioavailable testosterone, total testosterone, SHBG, estradiol) were obtained from UK Biobank.
- Outcome data for CRS and NP were sourced from the FinnGen dataset.
Main Results:
- Genetically predicted bioavailable testosterone (BioT) showed a potential inverse association with both NP and CRS.
- Higher BioT levels were linked to lower odds of NP and CRS, with stronger protective effects suggested in females.
- No significant causal effects were found for estradiol or SHBG on NP or CRS.
Conclusions:
- Serum bioavailable testosterone may have a protective role against CRS and NP.
- The association between BioT and sinonasal inflammation may be stronger in females.
- Further studies are required to validate these findings and elucidate the underlying immunomodulatory mechanisms.
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