Rare Synchronous Occurrence of Maxillary Glandular Odontogenic Cyst and Low-Grade Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma in a Young...

A glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is an infrequent developmental cyst originating from odontogenic tissues, whereas low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (LGMEC) is an uncommon malignant epithelial tumor of the minor salivary glands. The simultaneous presence of these two conditions in adjacent maxillary sites is extremely rare and presents significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment. This case study reports on a 23-year-old female patient who exhibited swelling involving the area from the second premolar through the second molar region on the right side of the maxilla, affecting both buccal and palatal areas. Clinical and radiographic assessments indicated a buccal lesion, likely cystic in nature, and a distinct palatal mass, possibly of salivary gland origin. Histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of a GOC on the buccal side and an LGMEC on the palatal side. The management approach was tailored according to the unique biological characteristics of each lesion. The GOC was managed through enucleation, while the LGMEC required extensive local excision to ensure clear margins. Both procedures were successfully performed under local anesthesia, resulting in uneventful healing and no signs of recurrence over a 12-month follow-up period. This case underscores the critical need for comprehensive evaluation of maxillary swellings, awareness of rare synchronous pathologies, and the necessity for tailored surgical strategies based on definitive histopathological diagnoses. Early detection and appropriate treatment can significantly enhance patient outcomes in such unusual cases.