From Solution to Stretched Film: Probing and Controlling Microstructure in Conjugated Polymer Systems for Emerging...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Polymer Science
• Organic Electronics

Background:

• Stretchable organic photovoltaics (SOPVs) face a performance-durability trade-off due to complex polymer microstructures.
• Rational control over microstructural evolution is critical for advancing SOPV technology.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review characterization and control strategies for multiscale microstructural evolution in conjugated polymer systems.
• To bridge the gap between solution-state aggregation, solid-state morphology, and dynamic response under strain.
• To establish a processing-structure-performance framework for designing robust SOPVs.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing advanced X-ray and neutron scattering techniques to analyze solution-aggregation structures and solid-state morphology.
• Reviewing multiscale characterization methods for thin films and material design strategies (e.g., elastomeric modifiers).
• Focusing on in situ and operando characterization to study dynamic microstructural evolution under mechanical stretching.

Main Results:

• Solution-aggregation structures significantly influence final solid-state morphology.
• Engineered phase-separated morphologies using modifiers can enhance conductivity and flexibility.
• In situ/operando studies reveal crucial deformation and failure mechanisms under strain.

Conclusions:

• A comprehensive understanding of multiscale microstructural evolution is essential for SOPV advancement.
• Rational design principles derived from processing-structure-performance relationships enable predictive design.
• This review provides a framework for developing next-generation intrinsically robust stretchable electronics.