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Clinical characteristics and factors associated with preoperative neurodevelopment in children with Rasmussen

Hongru Guo1, Qingzhu Liu2, Pan Gong1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.

Seizure
|July 25, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) in children presents with varied neurodevelopmental status. Contralateral epileptiform discharges are linked to lower cognitive scores, highlighting the need for individualized assessments.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Epilepsy Surgery

Background:

  • Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare, chronic inflammatory neurological disease affecting one cerebral hemisphere.
  • It typically manifests in childhood with intractable seizures and progressive neurological deficits.
  • Understanding factors influencing neurodevelopmental outcomes is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical features of Rasmussen encephalitis (RE).
  • To identify factors associated with preoperative neurodevelopmental status in children with RE.
  • To evaluate the impact of surgical treatment on seizure control.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 51 pediatric RE patients undergoing surgical treatment.
  • Systematic collection of demographic, seizure, VEEG, MRI, and neurodevelopmental data.
  • Statistical analysis to identify associations between neurodevelopmental quotient (FSDQ/IQ) and clinical variables.

Main Results:

  • All patients achieved seizure freedom post-hemispherotomy/hemispherectomy.
  • Contralateral independent epileptiform discharges were observed in 52.9% of patients.
  • Lower FSDQ/IQ scores were significantly associated with contralateral epileptiform discharges, even after adjustments.

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative neurodevelopmental status in RE is heterogeneous, often in the borderline range.
  • Contralateral epileptiform discharges are an independent predictor of lower cognitive function in RE.
  • Close developmental monitoring and tailored preoperative evaluations are recommended for children with RE.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cognitive developmentElectroencephalographyEpilepsyRasmussen encephalitis

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