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STING-mediated cancer immunotherapy: emerging modalities and beyond
Ramesha Hanumanthappa1, Nandakumar Dalavaikodihalli Nanjaiah2, Sudhir H Ranganath1
1Bio-INvENT Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:
The clinical translation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING)agonist-based cancer immunotherapy is limited by uncontrolled and sustained STING activation, which leads to immune exhaustion and systemic toxicity. In this forum, we critically analyze recent advances, including stimuli-responsive, biomimetic, pulsatile, intracellular-triggered release, and synergistic systems that enable precise spatiotemporal STING activation, as well as associated gaps in clinical translation. Finally, we present futuristic perspectives on next-generation STING-based cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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