Dietary determinants of acid load in a population with urolithiasis from Yucatán, Mexico

Dietary acid load (DAL) is a factor that predisposes individuals to the development of urolithiasis (UL). A cross-sectional study was conducted including individuals with UL (n = 53). We estimated DAL using the net endogenous acid production (NEAP) (90.6 [68.8-110] mEq/d), potential renal acid load (PRAL) (13 [0.07-20] mEq/d), and net renal acid excretion (NAE) (45 [30-55.3] mEq/d) indices in individuals with UL. Compared with females, male participants had higher NEAP, PRAL and NAE (p < 0.05). NEAP was associated with potassium, magnesium and lipid intake, body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), body mass index (BMI), fat mass, muscle mass, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). NAE was correlated with total energy, protein, lipid, phosphorus and fluid intake, BW, WC, HC, BMI, waist-to-height ratio, fat mass, muscle mass, SBP and DBP, and PRAL with total energy, protein, lipid, calcium, and phosphorus intake, as well as BW, WC, HC, muscle mass, and SBP.