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Variability in Pacemaker Battery Estimates and Performance
Benjamin A Steinberg1,2,3,4, Riley Gillette2, Michael Torre4
1Department of Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|July 26, 2026
Summary
Permanent pacemaker (PPM) battery longevity varies significantly by manufacturer and device type, with no consistent improvement in newer models. Individualized expectations are crucial due to manufacturer-specific estimates and usage variations.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Permanent pacemaker (PPM) battery longevity is a critical factor influencing patient outcomes, healthcare costs, and the need for replacement procedures.
- Understanding real-world battery performance is essential for effective clinical management and resource allocation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To accurately measure and predict the battery longevity of permanent pacemakers in everyday clinical practice.
- To identify key factors influencing pacemaker battery replacement intervals across different device types and manufacturers.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of a large-scale, nationwide, multicenter remote monitoring dataset (PaceMate) encompassing data from 2007 to 2023.
- Utilized multivariable models to determine factors associated with replacement interval (RI) for various pacemaker types and brands.
- Compared observed battery longevity against expected values and evaluated generational differences in pacemaker performance.
Main Results:
- The study included 58,395 devices, with median battery longevity for dual-chamber transvenous pacemakers reaching ERI ranging from 103 to 125 months, varying by manufacturer.
- Significant variability in median battery longevity was observed across manufacturers for single-chamber transvenous, RV/LV-only CRT, and full CRT-P systems.
- While some newer Medtronic devices showed improved longevity, Abbott devices showed decreased longevity, indicating no universal improvement in newer pacemaker generations.
Conclusions:
- Pacemaker battery longevity demonstrates substantial variation based on manufacturer and device type, even among devices reaching their elective replacement indicator (ERI).
- Newer pacemaker generations do not consistently exhibit improved battery longevity compared to older models.
- Manufacturer-specific accuracy in predicting remaining battery life, coupled with programming and utilization differences, necessitates personalized patient management strategies.
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