Eating Disorder Risk and Screening in Patients Using GLP-1RAs: Lessons Learned From Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Psychiatry
• Obesity Medicine

Background:

• Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are increasingly used for weight management.
• The impact of GLP-1RAs on individuals with eating disorders (EDs) is not well understood.
• Lessons from metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) implementation highlight potential risks.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify potential eating disorder risks associated with GLP-1RA use.
• To draw parallels with early metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) implementation.
• To guide clinicians, researchers, and advocates on managing these risks.

Main Methods:

• Integration of published findings with clinical and research expertise.
• Analysis of potential risks based on provider experience at the intersection of EDs and obesity treatment.
• Identification of screening and intervention opportunities.

Main Results:

• Eating disorder symptoms were initially underrecognized in metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) practice due to a lack of standardized protocols.
• Similar concerns regarding underrecognition are emerging with GLP-1RA treatment.
• Changes in appetite and weight with GLP-1RAs may exacerbate existing or lead to new ED behaviors without proper screening.

Conclusions:

• Eating disorder (ED) providers are vital in identifying and managing disordered eating during GLP-1RA treatment.
• Interdisciplinary collaboration and advocacy are essential to mitigate harm.
• Proactive screening and intervention are necessary to promote patient well-being.