Global research trends in artificial intelligence-integrated robot-assisted spine surgery: a bibliometric and...

Area of Science:

• Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
• Spine Surgery Innovations
• Bibliometric and Scientometric Analysis

Background:

• Artificial intelligence-integrated robot-assisted spine surgery (AI-RASS) is a rapidly evolving field.
• Understanding research trends and hotspots is crucial for future development.
• Bibliometric analysis provides a systematic approach to map the knowledge landscape.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review research progress, developmental trajectory, and emerging hotspots in AI-RASS using bibliometric methods.
• To provide visualized support for future research planning in AI-RASS.
• To analyze publication trends, international collaboration, and key research areas.

Main Methods:

• Bibliometric analysis of 588 publications from Web of Science Core Collection (2005-2025).
• Utilized tools: Bibliometrix, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Scimago Graphica.
• Analyzed publication volume, growth rates, influential countries, top journals, and co-citation networks.

Main Results:

• Annual publication growth rate of 24.22%, peaking in 2025.
• USA, China, and Germany lead in publications; Switzerland leads in citation frequency.
• Spine journal has the highest co-citation frequency.
• Identified gaps in high-quality trials, international collaboration, ethical oversight, and cost-effectiveness.

Conclusions:

• AI-RASS research shows significant growth but requires more rigorous clinical trials and international cooperation.
• Future directions include strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration, establishing clinical evaluation frameworks, and developing ethical guidelines.
• Enhancing international and institutional cooperation is vital for aligning technological advancement with patient safety.