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Modified Nipple Correction Surgery Combined With Debridement for Refractory Nonpuerperal Mastitis: A Clinical Study
Bing Wang1, Jiachen Xu1, Yue Zhou1
1Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China, shutcm.edu.cn.
The Breast Journal
|July 27, 2026
Summary
A new surgical approach combining fistula debridement and modified nipple correction effectively treats refractory plasma cell mastitis (PCM), achieving a 100% cure rate with minimal recurrence and improved patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Surgical Oncology
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Dermatology
Background:
- Refractory nonpuerperal mastitis, particularly plasma cell mastitis (PCM), often involves complex fistulas and associated nipple deformities requiring surgical intervention.
- Conventional treatments for PCM fistulas may not adequately address concurrent nipple inversion, potentially impacting surgical success and aesthetic outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a modified surgical technique combining fistula incision and debridement with modified nipple correction for treating refractory PCM.
- To assess the impact of this combined approach on lesion removal, nipple correction stability, and patient recovery.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 12 female patients with a history of refractory PCM underwent fistula incision and debridement combined with modified nipple correction surgery.
- Clinical data, including treatment outcomes, adverse events, and breast appearance, were systematically collected and analyzed postoperatively.
Main Results:
- The combined surgical approach demonstrated a 100% cure rate and 100% effective rate in the 12 patients, with no recurrence of the fistula.
- One patient experienced nipple inversion recurrence (8.3%), while minor adverse events included scar formation (2 patients) and reversible abnormal nipple sensation (1 patient).
- Postoperative pathology confirmed PCM in all cases, and follow-up ranged from 8 to 39 months.
Conclusions:
- The combined fistula incision, debridement, and modified nipple correction technique offers an effective solution for refractory PCM, improving suture removal, reducing patient discomfort, and allowing for smaller incisions.
- This modified surgical strategy shows promising preliminary results for managing complex PCM cases, suggesting potential for broader application with further research.
