A Rare Case of Salmonella Lung Abscess in an Immunocompromised Patient

Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) is a Gram-negative, acid-labile bacterium responsible for major foodborne outbreaks in both developing and developed countries. While Salmonella species are often linked with gastrointestinal illness, pulmonary involvement is rare. We report a case of a Salmonella lung abscess occurring in the setting of Salmonella septicemia, in an immunocompromised patient with perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA)-associated microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Initially admitted to Arrowhead Regional Medical Center (ARMC), Colton, for gastroenteritis secondary to Salmonella and E.Coli with subsequent bacteremia, our patient was readmitted for persistent weakness and diarrhea status post antibiotic treatment. He was found to have a 3.9 cm cavitary lesion within the left upper lobe on CT imaging, with subsequent biopsy wound culture confirming Salmonella lung abscess. Hospital admission was complicated by left popliteal vein deep vein thrombosis and native left hip septic arthritis with avascular necrosis. The patient was discharged following left hip washout and an eight-week course of ceftriaxone. Through this case, we hope to raise awareness of Salmonella-induced pulmonary disease within immunocompromised patients, as early recognition remains crucial for prompt resolution and prevention of severe complications.