A Sensitive and High-Accuracy Dual-Mode Wireless Sensor with MLP-Based Mutual Inductance Suppression for Ammonia Leak...

Real-time and accurate detection of hazardous gases such as ammonia (NH₃) is essential for intelligent management in energy and chemical industries, agricultural soil monitoring, food freshness evaluation, and atmospheric pollution control. These deployment scenarios demand explosion-proofing, wire-free operation, compactness, cost-effectiveness, and self-temperature compensation, driving adoption of compact, multi-parameter wireless passive sensors. However, multi-mode passive sensors face persistent challenges with mutual inductance interference, which degrades measurement accuracy. This study develops a dual-mode inductor-capacitor sensor using a multilayer perceptron (MLP) for simultaneous NH₃ and temperature measurement. Two interdigital electrodes connect to different inductor parts, enabling dual-mode sensing with reduced size/cost. Microstructure polydimethylsiloxane@graphene enhances temperature sensitivity to 205.75 kHz °C^-1, tripling the non-microstructure value. Phenyl phosphonic acid modification of tungsten oxide boosts room-temperature NH₃ response to 4.1%, a threefold improvement. The MLP model effectively mitigates mutual inductance interference, achieving decoupled NH₃ and temperature measurements with mean squared errors of 0.73 and 0.18, respectively. The sensor demonstrates promising application for efficient NH₃ leak detection in intelligent transmission line inspection and soil environment monitoring.