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Predictors and Risk Assessment Models for Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Diagnosed with Lymphoma: A Systematic
Anca Maria Pop1, Markus Rütti1,2
1Department of Internal Medicine, HOCH Health Ostschweiz, Hospital Wil, 9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
|July 27, 2026
Summary
Lymphoma patients face higher venous thromboembolism (VTE) risks. Current risk scores are unreliable, necessitating lymphoma-specific models to improve VTE prediction and patient care.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Thrombosis Research
Background:
- Lymphoma patients exhibit a 4-12% incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
- Existing risk assessment models (RAMs), like the Khorana score, have limited reliability in lymphoma due to a lack of specific predictors.
- Accurate VTE risk stratification is crucial for managing lymphoma patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review predictors and RAMs for VTE in lymphoma patients.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of current risk assessment tools in this population.
- To identify areas for developing more accurate, lymphoma-specific VTE prediction models.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus up to February 2026.
- Inclusion of 44 studies evaluating VTE predictors and RAMs in lymphoma.
- Analysis of identified predictors and performance of existing RAMs.
Main Results:
- The Khorana score demonstrated poor discrimination for VTE risk in lymphoma patients.
- The Thrombosis Lymphoma predictive score (ThroLy) offered a modest improvement.
- Key VTE predictors identified include poor performance status, older age, prior VTE, central venous catheters, and bulky disease.
Conclusions:
- Current VTE risk assessment tools are inadequate for lymphoma patients.
- Lymphoma-specific RAMs are needed, supported by larger studies and external validation.
- Further research should focus on identifying highly discriminatory predictors for VTE in lymphoma.
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