In-Hospital Mortality After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery With and Without Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Rheumatology
• Health Services Research

Background:

• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organ systems.
• Patients with SLE often have increased cardiovascular risk and may require interventions like coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
• The impact of SLE on outcomes after CABG surgery is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate in-hospital mortality after CABG surgery in patients with and without SLE.
• To identify factors associated with in-hospital mortality in this patient population.
• To compare perioperative outcomes between SLE and non-SLE patients undergoing CABG.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of the 2016-2022 National Inpatient Sample database.
• Identification of adult patients undergoing CABG surgery, comparing those with and without SLE.
• Multivariable logistic regression to assess factors associated with in-hospital mortality, adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, and socioeconomic factors.

Main Results:

• Among 1,342,510 CABG hospitalizations, 4260 (0.3%) involved patients with SLE.
• Patients with SLE were younger, predominantly female, and had higher comorbidity scores.
• SLE was not independently associated with in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.635-1.340); however, respiratory failure was more frequent in SLE patients.

Conclusions:

• After adjusting for demographic and clinical factors, SLE was not independently associated with in-hospital mortality during CABG surgery hospitalization.
• These findings suggest that SLE alone may not independently increase in-hospital mortality risk after CABG surgery.
• Further research may explore specific SLE-related complications or treatment strategies impacting CABG outcomes.