[Should the surgical treatment of primary malignant bone tumors only take place in high-volume centers?]

Primary malignant bone tumors are rare, biologically heterogeneous malignancies that require highly specialized, multidisciplinary treatment. Surgical excision of the primary tumor is considered a prerequisite for long-term survival in most affected patients. An association between hospital volume and outcome has been demonstrated for numerous oncological procedures but has been investigated less extensively in the context of bone sarcomas.

The surgical expertise concentrated at high-volume centers (HVC) appears to translate directly into superior oncologic outcomes and a better prognosis. Key contributing factors include significantly lower rates of positive surgical margins and significantly reduced perioperative mortality. Furthermore, specialized surgical expertise enables limb-sparing procedures even in most complex cases.

The definition of HVC has been inconsistent so far. Furthermore, centralized treatment in HVC requires the establishment of clear referral pathways and optimal cooperation between specialized centers and the wider healthcare system.

The surgical treatment of primary malignant bone tumors should be centralized in specialized, high-volume sarcoma centers. In this context, hospital volume should also be understood as a proxy for specialized multidisciplinary expertise, adherence to clinical practice guidelines, and systematic quality improvement, which are all essential factors for the optimal treatment of bone sarcomas. Further studies are necessary to better define the term HVC in different healthcare systems and settings.