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The Inflammaging-Redox-InflammamiR Axis in Metabolic Aging: From Diagnostic Clusters to Integrated Risk Phenotypes
Nurzhanyat Ablaikhanova1, Ingkar Okhas1, Aidos Bolatov2,3
1Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Farabi University, 050000 Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Biomolecules
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Metabolic aging involves inflammaging, oxidative stress, and cellular senescence, impacting diverse health outcomes. Integrating these factors with traditional markers may refine risk assessment for older adults.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Metabolic Health
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Conventional metabolic syndrome criteria inadequately capture biological heterogeneity in aging.
- Older adults with similar metabolic profiles exhibit divergent disease trajectories (e.g., type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease).
- Understanding the biological underpinnings of metabolic aging is crucial for personalized risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review clinical, translational, and mechanistic evidence on biological processes shaping metabolic aging.
- To emphasize key factors: inflammaging, immunosenescence, cellular senescence, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, adipose tissue dysfunction, endothelial injury, and inflammation-related microRNAs.
- To propose the Inflammaging-Redox-InflammamiR Axis as a conceptual framework for metabolic aging.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of existing literature.
- Synthesis of evidence on inflammaging, redox imbalance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and microRNAs in metabolic aging.
- Discussion of integrating conventional markers with novel biological mediators.
Main Results:
- Chronic low-grade inflammation and immune remodeling significantly influence metabolic syndrome components in older adults.
- Redox imbalance and mitochondrial stress exacerbate insulin resistance, lipid injury, vascular dysfunction, and tissue remodeling.
- Inflammation-related microRNAs act as post-transcriptional regulators connecting inflammatory, metabolic, and redox pathways.
Conclusions:
- Conventional metabolic markers require integration with inflammatory, oxidative stress, adipokine, endothelial, senescence, and miRNA profiles for improved biological interpretation of metabolic risk.
- The Inflammaging-Redox-InflammamiR Axis offers a framework for understanding overlapping mechanisms in metabolic aging.
- Further research, including standardized assays and longitudinal validation, is needed for clinical translation.
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