Microchemical Techniques for Multiclass Fungicide Residue Analysis in Complex Food Matrices
Steven Suryoprabowo1, Andreas Romulo1, Eddy Seong Guan Cheah2
1Food Technology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Monitoring multiclass fungicide residues in complex food matrices is challenging. This review highlights green analytical strategies for sensitive detection, emphasizing matrix-adapted approaches for reliable food safety monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Food Safety Analysis
- Analytical Chemistry
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Complex food matrices, especially in Southeast Asia, present challenges for monitoring multiclass fungicide residues due to intensive agriculture and diverse chemistries.
- Accurate determination of these residues is crucial for ensuring food safety and regulatory compliance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review microchemical analytical strategies for multiclass fungicide residue determination in various food types.
- To evaluate the integration of green sample preparation techniques with advanced analytical platforms.
Main Methods:
- Review of literature published between 2019 and 2026 focusing on miniaturized and green sample preparation techniques (e.g., modified QuEChERS, DLLME, SPME, HLFME, MSPE, DES-based extraction).
- Integration with advanced chromatographic and mass spectrometric platforms (UHPLC-MS/MS, GC-MS/MS, HRMS).
Main Results:
- Green analytical methods reduce solvent consumption and improve efficiency for sensitive fungicide residue detection.
- Method performance is highly matrix-dependent, influenced by matrix effects, lack of standardization, and inconsistent validation.
Conclusions:
- No single extraction strategy is universally optimal; matrix-adapted hybrid workflows are needed.
- Future research should focus on harmonized validation, transformation product detection, and high-resolution screening for reliable monitoring.
