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Inhibitory Effects on the Polyol Pathway in Type 2 Diabetic Rats by Chickpea Flavonoid Extract
Jingteng Wang1, Ting Yang1, Jintian Guo1
1College of Smart Agriculture (Research Institute), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Chickpea flavonoid extract (CFE) effectively lowers blood glucose and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes models. CFE also inhibits the polyol pathway and reduces oxidative stress, showing promise for diabetes prevention.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Metabolism
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Chickpea flavonoids possess known hypoglycemic activity.
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) involves complex metabolic dysregulation.
- The polyol pathway is implicated in glucose metabolism and diabetic complications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of chickpea flavonoid extract (CFE) on the polyol pathway in a rat model of T2DM.
- To evaluate CFE's impact on glucose control, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and related metabolic pathways.
Main Methods:
- A male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model of T2DM was induced using a high-fat, high-sugar diet and streptozotocin (STZ).
- The study assessed fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), oxidative stress markers (H2O2, MDA, carbonylated proteins, GSH-Px activity), and polyol pathway enzymes (AR, SDH).
- Metabolomic analysis identified changes in metabolites and modulated pathways, including NAD+/NADH ratio and related enzymes (PARP, Sirt3).
Main Results:
- CFE significantly reduced FBG and improved insulin sensitivity (increased HOMA-IS, decreased HOMA-IR).
- CFE alleviated oxidative stress by decreasing harmful markers and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (GSH-Px).
- CFE inhibited the polyol pathway (downregulated AR and SDH, reduced sorbitol and fructose) and enhanced antioxidant defense (increased GR activity, GSH; decreased GSSG).
- CFE mitigated reductive stress by increasing NAD+ content and the NAD+/NADH ratio, suppressing PARP, and upregulating Sirt3.
- CFE modulated key metabolites and seven metabolic pathways linked to diabetes improvement, with ten differential metabolites reversing and correlating with polyol pathway and oxidative stress markers.
Conclusions:
- Chickpea flavonoid extract (CFE) demonstrates significant hypoglycemic activity in a T2DM rat model.
- CFE effectively inhibits the polyol pathway and ameliorates oxidative and reductive stress.
- CFE shows potential as a natural product for the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes.
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