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Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise
Published on: February 20, 2017
Exercise-Induced Plasma Surfactant Protein B Response in Advanced Heart Failure: Relation to Exercise Limitation,
Anna Drohomirecka1, Katarzyna Kozar-Kamińska1, Joanna Waś1
1National Institute of Cardiology, Alpejska 42, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Plasma surfactant protein B (SPB) increases after cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in advanced heart failure (HF). This SPB response reflects exercise limitations but does not predict outcomes in HF patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Biomarker Research
Background:
- Plasma surfactant protein B (SPB) indicates alveolar-capillary barrier injury and is elevated in heart failure (HF).
- The impact of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on SPB levels in advanced HF is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate changes in plasma SPB following CPET in advanced HF patients.
- To determine if the SPB response to exercise correlates with exercise limitations, pulmonary hemodynamics, and clinical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Fifty-one advanced HF patients (NYHA II-III, LVEF ≤ 35%) underwent CPET and invasive hemodynamic assessment.
- Plasma SPB levels were measured before and after CPET.
- Patients were followed for a composite endpoint of death, urgent transplantation, or LVAD implantation.
Main Results:
- Plasma SPB concentrations significantly increased after CPET (p < 0.001).
- Greater SPB increases were observed in NYHA III patients and correlated with NT-proBNP.
- SPB changes correlated with exercise parameters (VE/VCO2 slope, anaerobic threshold) but not resting hemodynamics.
- Neither baseline SPB, post-exercise SPB, nor SPB changes predicted clinical outcomes.
Conclusions:
- The SPB response to exercise in advanced HF reflects dynamic pulmonary barrier stress linked to functional limitations.
- SPB response to CPET in this cohort did not demonstrate prognostic value for clinical outcomes.
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