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Updated: Aug 5, 2026
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Isolation and Purification of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles from Human Feces Using Density Gradient Centrifugation
Published on: September 1, 2023
Colostrum Extracellular Vesicle Isolation, Characterization, and Function
Samia Akter1, Nada Fayez1, Mohit Kumar1
1Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA.
Biomedicines
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Ultrasonic nanofiltration (UNF) efficiently isolates high-purity colostrum extracellular vesicles (C-EVs), preserving their anti-inflammatory functions and structural integrity for potential clinical applications.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Nanomedicine
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Colostrum extracellular vesicles (C-EVs) are bioactive nanoparticles with therapeutic potential for regulating homeostasis.
- C-EVs offer novel strategies for managing inflammatory and cellular dysfunctions.
- Challenges in C-EV isolation and stability hinder widespread clinical use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate ultrasonic nanofiltration (UNF) as a method for recovering clinical-grade C-EVs.
- To compare UNF with traditional ultracentrifugation for EV recovery efficiency and quality.
- To assess the structural integrity and biological functions of C-EVs isolated by UNF.
Main Methods:
- Colostrum extracellular vesicles (C-EVs) were isolated using standard ultracentrifugation and Exodus dual-frequency ultrasonic nanofiltration (UNF).
- EV recovery was assessed for purity, yield, and structural integrity (bilayer structure, size 50-200 nm).
- Functional assays evaluated the anti-inflammatory properties, including cytokine suppression and inflammasome activity.
Main Results:
- UNF successfully recovered C-EVs, confirmed by the presence of key EV markers (Alix, CD63, Tsg101, Flotillin).
- Isolated C-EVs exhibited intact bilayer structures within the 50-200 nm size range.
- UNF-derived C-EVs demonstrated preserved anti-inflammatory activity, suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines and the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Conclusions:
- UNF provides a method for safe, high-yield, and reproducible recovery of C-EVs.
- The preserved structural integrity and biological functions of UNF-isolated C-EVs support their clinical potential.
- UNF overcomes limitations of traditional methods, enabling efficient isolation of therapeutic C-EVs.
