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Professional Quality of Life of Public Health Nurses: Associations with Personal Characteristics, Job-Related
Ilona Karácsony1, Gabriella Hideg-Fehér2
1Department of Obstetrics and Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Midwifery and Health Visiting, University of Pecs, Campus Szombathely, 7624 Pecs, Hungary.
Background:
The professional quality of life of public health nurses is a multidimensional construct associated with personal characteristics, job-related workload, and the availability of professional support. This study aimed to examine the associations between selected sociodemographic, occupational, and professional support factors and the professional quality of life of public health nurses in Hungary.
Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among public health nurses in Hungary using non-probability purposive sampling. The final sample consisted of 286 public health nurses who had been practicing for at least two years. In addition to self-developed items assessing sociodemographic characteristics, job-related factors, and professional support, the Professional Quality of Life Scale was applied. Data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman correlation analysis, with the level of significance set at p < 0.05.
Results:
Older age was associated with lower emotional overload resulting from work (r = -0.204, p = 0.001), lower secondary traumatization (r = -0.140, p = 0.018), and higher work satisfaction (r = 0.129, p = 0.029). Higher educational attainment was associated with lower emotional overload and burnout and higher work satisfaction. Public health nurses working in mixed districts reported higher emotional burden but also greater compassion satisfaction. Participation in professional training and case discussions was associated with more favourable positive indicators of professional quality of life, while supervision was associated with lower levels of burnout and secondary traumatization.
Conclusions:
The findings suggest that structured professional support systems, particularly regular case discussions, supervision, and continuing professional training, may contribute to maintaining professional well-being and workforce sustainability among public health nurses.
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