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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Lifetime HIV Testing Among Thai General Population Adults: Finding from the

Sirinan Prakot¹, Wichai Aekplakorn², Roengrudee Patanavanich²

¹Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

|July 28, 2026

Abstract:

Background/Objectives: HIV testing is essential for early HIV diagnosis, timely treatment initiation, and HIV prevention. Despite Thailand's long-standing HIV prevention programs and universal access to HIV testing services, nationally representative evidence on lifetime HIV testing among Thai adults remains limited. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of lifetime HIV testing and identify factors associated with lifetime HIV testing among Thai adults. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of data from the 6th Thai National Health Examination Survey. A total of 11,843 Thai adults aged 20-59 years were included. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the prevalence of lifetime HIV testing. Survey-weighted logistic regression analyses were performed to examine factors associated with lifetime HIV testing. Results: The overall prevalence of lifetime HIV testing was 41.9%, with a prevalence of 42.4% among males, and 41.4% among females. Individuals aged 30-39 years (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.43-1.87) and 40-49 years (AOR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.41-1.99), those with secondary education (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.43-1.87) or certificate/higher education (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.48-2.05), those currently living with a partner (AOR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.43-1.79), participants with higher monthly income (10,000-24,999 THB: AOR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.27; ≥25,000 THB: AOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.13-1.70), residents in the Northern region (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.45-2.09), and those who had a relative or acquaintance living with HIV/AIDS (AOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.34-1.59) were more likely to have lifetime HIV testing. In contrast, Muslim participants (AOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.57-0.90), residents of rural areas (AOR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.97), residents in the Central (AOR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.98) and Southern regions (AOR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.72-0.94), and those with higher HIV-related stigma (AOR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84-0.99) were less likely to have lifetime HIV testing. Conclusions: Lifetime HIV testing among Thai adults remained suboptimal, with geographic and sociodemographic disparities.

Keywords:

NHES-6 National Health Examination Survey Thai adults Thailand general population lifetime HIV testing population-based study

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