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Prevalence and Perioperative Implications of Cardiovascular Comorbidities in Non-Cardiac Surgery: A Three-Year

Bogdan-Florin Godje1,2,3, Sergiu-Ciprian Matei2,3, Ana-Maria Ungureanu4,5

  • 1Department of Doctoral Studies, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|July 28, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are common in non-cardiac surgery patients, affecting nearly 37% and often requiring changes in perioperative management. Hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity identified.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Anesthesiology
  • Perioperative Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant global health burden, contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality.
  • CVDs critically impact perioperative risk assessment and management for patients undergoing non-cardiac surgical procedures.
  • Understanding the prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities is essential for optimizing surgical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
  • To assess the immediate effects of these comorbidities on perioperative management strategies.
  • To evaluate the frequency of modifications in surgical care due to cardiovascular conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study design.
  • Inclusion of adult patients undergoing elective or emergency non-cardiac surgery from January 2022 to December 2024.
  • Analysis of demographic data, diagnoses, comorbidities, medications, and perioperative management changes.

Main Results:

  • A total of 5716 patients were analyzed, with 37.37% exhibiting cardiovascular comorbidities.
  • Hypertension (33.37%) was the most prevalent comorbidity.
  • Surgical delays occurred due to anticoagulation (4.16%), cardiovascular instability (1.27%), and contraindications (0.50%).

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular comorbidities are highly prevalent in surgical patients and necessitate adjustments in perioperative care.
  • European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline-aligned risk assessment is clinically relevant.
  • Further research on postoperative outcomes is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of CVD impact on surgical prognosis.

Keywords:
ESC guidelinesanticoagulationcardiovascular comorbidityhypertensionnon-cardiac surgeryperioperative management

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