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Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte-Gated Flow Cytometry Parameters and 24-Month Mortality in COPD: An Exploratory Cohort
Onur Çelik1, Adil Furkan Kılıç2, Konca Altınkaynak3
1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erzurum Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences University, 25240 Yakutiye, Erzurum, Türkiye.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Lower CD45/SSC-defined lymphocyte percentages and lymphocyte-gated CD138+ events in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients were associated with increased 24-month mortality. These findings require validation in larger studies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Pulmonology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents significant long-term health risks.
- Peripheral blood flow cytometry offers insights into immune cell dynamics.
- Accurate interpretation of flow cytometry data, particularly lymphocyte gating, is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate associations between specific lymphocyte-gated flow cytometry parameters and mortality in COPD patients.
- To explore the prognostic value of CD45/SSC-defined lymphocyte-gate percentage and lymphocyte-gated CD138+ events.
Main Methods:
- Single-center observational cohort study of 51 clinically stable COPD outpatients followed for 24 months.
- Baseline peripheral blood flow cytometry analyzed for CD45/SSC-defined lymphocyte-gate percentage and lymphocyte-gated CD138+ events.
- Hierarchical false discovery rate (FDR) framework and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were employed.
Main Results:
- 13 out of 51 patients (25.5%) died during follow-up.
- Non-survivors exhibited lower CD45/SSC-defined lymphocyte-gate percentages (13.08% vs. 22.63%) and lymphocyte-gated CD138+ event percentages (0.07% vs. 0.39%).
- These associations were significant within the principal variable family but not after pooled correction across all parameters.
Conclusions:
- Lower CD45/SSC-defined lymphocyte-gate percentage and lymphocyte-gated CD138+ event percentage may be associated with 24-month mortality in COPD.
- Findings are hypothesis-generating and require external validation in larger cohorts.
- No incremental prognostic value was demonstrated beyond established clinical predictors.
