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Association of Conicity Index and Body Roundness Index with Multimorbidity Among Adults in Guangzhou, China: A
Jiamin Chen1,2, Yingying Fang1,2, Weiquan Lin1,2
1Department of Basic Public Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Guangzhou Health Supervision Institute), Guangzhou 510440, China.
Background:
Optimizing nutritional care for people with multimorbidity requires effective and feasible tools for early risk identification. This study aimed to investigate the associations of conicity index (C-index) and body roundness index (BRI) with multimorbidity among adults in Guangzhou, and to explore their potential utility in identifying individuals who may benefit from prioritized nutritional assessment.
Methods:
Based on the Fourth Adult Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance Program in Guangzhou, a total of 15,532 adults were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Multiple logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis with DeLong's test were performed.
Results:
The prevalence of multimorbidity was 38.95%. Higher C-index and BRI quartiles were significantly associated with increased multimorbidity risk. Compared with the lowest quartile, the adjusted OR for the highest C-index quartile was 1.98 (95% CI: 1.78-2.21), and for the highest BRI quartile it was 3.05 (95% CI: 2.74-3.41). A dose-response relationship was observed (p < 0.001). BRI showed statistically significantly higher discriminative ability relative to traditional anthropometric indices, though its overall discriminative performance was modest (AUC = 0.678).
Conclusions:
C-index and BRI are strongly and positively associated with multimorbidity. These simple, non-invasive indices may support community-based risk stratification and help identify individuals who warrant further clinical and nutritional assessment.