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Towards a Contextualized Social Vulnerability Index: Defining Key Domains and Indicators for Iran's Health System
Hajeer Mahmoudi Panah1, Seyed Hossein Mohaqeqi Kamal2, Mehdi Basakha2,3
1Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
|July 28, 2026
Summary
This study defines social vulnerability in Iran, identifying key indicators like poverty and unemployment. The findings support targeted interventions to improve public health and well-being.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Health Policy
Background:
- Social vulnerability is a context-dependent concept gaining traction in social determinants of health research.
- Understanding social vulnerability is crucial for developing effective public health strategies.
- This study focuses on defining social vulnerability within the specific context of Iran.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define and conceptualize social vulnerability in Iran.
- To identify context-sensitive and culturally relevant indicators of social vulnerability.
- To establish a framework for assessing and monitoring social vulnerability.
Main Methods:
- A sequential mixed-methods design was utilized.
- A literature review identified initial indicators, followed by a Delphi consensus technique with 23 national experts.
- Statistical indices and directed qualitative content analysis were employed to refine and categorize indicators.
Main Results:
- Sixty-five relevant indicators of social vulnerability were identified by experts.
- Key indicators included poverty, unemployment, lack of social insurance, and housing costs.
- Ten dimensions of social vulnerability were established: Populations at Risk, Family and Gender, Economic, Health Infrastructure, Education, Housing, Transportation, Crime, Emergency Preparedness, and Social Capital.
Conclusions:
- Social vulnerability in Iran is influenced by macroeconomic fragility, governance, and cultural factors.
- A context-sensitive framework aids in assessing and monitoring vulnerability.
- This approach supports targeted interventions to enhance population well-being and address social determinants of health.
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