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Risk Factors for Reoperation Following Native Septic Arthritis
Lea McDaniel1, Tony Gaidici2, Clayton Hui2
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Banner University Medical Center - Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Journal of Global Infectious Diseases
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Septic arthritis (SA) in native joints often requires repeat surgery. Diabetes and positive cultures predict reoperation in knee SA, while male gender may reduce risk.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Infectious Diseases
- Surgical Research
Background:
- Native septic arthritis (SA) is a rare but severe condition causing rapid joint destruction.
- SA necessitates prompt treatment to prevent long-term functional impairment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize native knee, hip, and shoulder SA.
- To identify predictors for repeat surgical irrigation and debridement (I&D).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series of 62 knee, hip, and shoulder SA cases (2014-2022).
- Data collected included demographics, comorbidities, lab results, and microbiology.
- Multivariate analysis identified predictors for reoperation in knee SA.
Main Results:
- Diabetes and positive cultures independently predicted reoperation in knee SA (OR 8.0 and 9.43, respectively).
- Male gender was associated with decreased reoperation odds in knee SA (OR 0.18).
- Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen.
Conclusions:
- Host and microbiologic factors influence reoperation risk in native knee SA.
- Diabetes and culture positivity are key predictors of treatment failure.
- Further validation in larger cohorts is warranted.
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