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Development and Content Validation of The Health Promoting Sports Club Observational Tool
Stacey Johnson1,2, Petra Ozbolt2, Louana Friche1
1Laboratory UMR1319 INSPIIRE, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
Health Promotion Perspectives
|July 28, 2026
Summary
A new observational tool helps sports managers objectively measure health promotion (HP) in sports clubs. This validated checklist guides improvements for healthier club environments.
Area of Science:
- Sports Management
- Public Health
- Health Promotion
Background:
- Objective measurement of health promotion (HP) in sports clubs is lacking.
- Existing tools do not specifically target HP within sports clubs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate content for an observational tool.
- To enable sports managers to evaluate HP within their clubs.
Main Methods:
- A rapid literature review identified existing observational tools.
- A 3-round Delphi study with 69 stakeholders designed and refined a checklist.
- Experts categorized items using the health promoting sports club (HPSC) model.
Main Results:
- No existing tools focused on HP; a new observational tool was developed.
- The tool includes 36 validated items across four areas: Locker room, Website, Cafeteria & Food Offerings, and Facilities & Surroundings.
- Items were categorized into Economic, Environmental, Organizational, and Social health determinants.
Conclusions:
- An innovative observational tool is now available for sports managers.
- The tool allows direct evaluation of specific club areas and provides recommendations for HP improvement.
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