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Family caregivers' involvement in home-based recovery for patients with schizophrenia: a qualitative study in
Ting Li1, Gongbo Wei2, Zhaolu Pan3
1School of General Practice and Continuing Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Background:
Family caregivers play critical roles in supporting the home-based recovery of patients with schizophrenia, but they often encounter substantial challenges and receive insufficient systemic support. Understanding caregivers' involvement in home-based recovery is essential for aligning community mental health services with families' capacities and needs. This study aimed to explore family caregivers' involvement and adaptive processes in supporting home-based recovery of patients with schizophrenia in China.
Methods:
A qualitative study using interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted through semi-structured interviews. Family caregivers were purposively recruited from four community health service centers (CHSCs) across urban and rural areas of Beijing. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, anonymized, and analyzed iteratively to identify themes and subthemes.
Results:
A total of 20 family caregivers were recruited, including 11 from two urban districts and 9 from a rural district in Beijing. Five themes were identified: Caregivers' redefinition of recovery as stability rather than cure; Routine recovery involvement in medication management and symptom monitoring; Experienced tensions between the patient's independence and relapse prevention; Bearing family obligation and personal strain in sustained caregiving involvement; and Uncertainty in sustaining caregiving and the patients' future stability. Caregivers reported persistent challenges in supporting patients' independent living, participation in family activities, communication, and social interaction.
Conclusion:
Family caregivers gradually develop their capacity to support home-based recovery, but continue to encounter complex challenges while receiving limited support from CHSCs. Strengthening recovery-oriented family support within community mental health services, particularly through accessible psychoeducation and rehabilitation guidance, may enhance caregivers' capacity to support patients' independence and social participation, thereby promoting sustainable home-based care and long-term functional recovery.
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