DMSO-incorporated low-dimensional butylammonium lead iodide hybrid crystal

In this study, a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-incorporated low-dimensional butylammonium lead iodide hybrid crystal was synthesized at room temperature using a mixed dimethylformamide/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMF/DMSO) solution-growth method. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis revealed that the material does not form a three-dimensional corner-sharing perovskite framework, but instead consists of a low-dimensional BA-Pb-I hybrid structure containing a one-dimensional Pb-I ribbon-like inorganic motif. The crystallographic formula was determined to be (C₄H₁₂N)₂Pb₃I₈·2(C₂H₆OS), confirming a charge-balanced composition with DMSO incorporated as a neutral molecule within the crystal lattice. The structural and optical properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy, temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL), and time-resolved PL decay measurements. The crystal exhibited two low-temperature emission peaks near 487 and 512 nm, comparable to excitonic emission features reported for BA₂PbI₄-based low-dimensional systems. Temperature-dependent PL analysis showed reduced exciton-phonon coupling and weaker thermally induced linewidth broadening compared with reported BA₂PbI₄ surface emission. High-temperature XRD and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements further supported stable structural and thermal behavior under the tested conditions. These results provide insight into the room-temperature mixed-solvent crystallization, structural characteristics, and excitonic optical behavior of DMSO-incorporated low-dimensional BA-Pb-I hybrid crystals.