Perceptions of cognitive functioning among 10-year breast cancer survivors: a qualitative study

To explore the context and experiences of breast cancer survivors living with perceived mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the trajectory of these changes since diagnosis. Additionally, to explore the impact on psychosocial well-being, identity, functionality, and the strategies used to mitigate these difficulties. Lastly, to investigate the facilitators and barriers to the discussion of these concerns with the primary healthcare professionals.

This qualitative study used an analytic approach, through semi-structured interviews with 11 breast cancer survivors (for ≥ 10 years) who had cognitive complaints during or after cancer treatments, without formal diagnosis of MCI.

The participants reported impairments in memory, attention, processing speed and temporal orientation, that began during treatments and remained stable after their completion. Feelings of anger, embarrassment, frustration, and not seeing themselves as capable as before emerged from these difficulties. The fear of developing neurocognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, was reported as an important concern. Social isolation and work difficulties are among the most relevant implications for these women. Coping strategies (e.g., memory aids and compensation methods) are employed by these women. Lack of validation of cognitive concerns by the primary healthcare professionals was reported as a constraint in getting the help they aimed for.

The study provides new in-depth data about perceived cognitive impairment, its multidomain impact, and strategies used to reduce its effects.

These findings contribute to a better understanding of cognitive symptoms to create frameworks and interventions to formally improve survivors' quality of life.