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Understanding traumatic brain injury in elderly populations: a developing country perspective
Gabriel de Moraes Ribeiro1, Matheus Ballestero2, Leandro Candido de Souza3
1Division of Neurosurgery, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Elderly Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is rising in developing nations, with falls being the main cause. This study highlights the significant economic burden and need for public health interventions.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Global life expectancy increases necessitate a focus on elderly healthcare.
- Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBIs) in older adults present a growing public health concern due to increased vulnerability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) in elderly individuals within a developing country.
- To analyze TBI incidence, patient outcomes, and associated healthcare costs in this demographic.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cross-sectional study of 1175 elderly TBI patients (2010-2022) at a Brazilian tertiary trauma center.
- Data collected included demographics, injury mechanisms, hospitalization details, and outcomes.
- Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of unfavorable outcomes.
Main Results:
- Falls were the predominant cause (76.9%) of TBI in the elderly, with 89.3% classified as mild.
- The average annual hospitalization rate was 90 cases.
- Advanced age, lower education, and intracranial injuries predicted unfavorable outcomes, alongside substantial economic costs.
Conclusions:
- Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) incidence and economic impact are increasing among elderly populations in developing countries.
- There is a critical need for targeted public health policies and resource allocation to manage elderly TBI effectively.
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