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Multifactorial Predictors of Ameloblastoma Recurrence: A Retrospective Observational Study
Beatrice Pulli1, Chiara Marras1, Giuseppe Spinelli2
1Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy; Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Summary
Ameloblastoma recurrence-free survival (RFS) was not linked to treatment type. However, extracting teeth within the lesion was associated with better RFS in this study.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Oncology
- Dental Research
Background:
- Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive odontogenic neoplasm with high recurrence rates.
- Management requires balancing complete resection with functional preservation.
- Understanding factors influencing recurrence is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate recurrence-free survival (RFS) after ameloblastoma treatment.
- To assess the impact of tooth extraction on RFS.
- To identify predictors of ameloblastoma recurrence.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 33 patients with histologically confirmed ameloblastoma.
- Primary predictor: treatment modality (resection vs. nonresection surgery).
- Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate RFS and associated factors.
Main Results:
- Recurrence occurred in 18.2% of subjects over a median follow-up of 124 months.
- Five- and 10-year RFS rates were 87.5% and 82.6%, respectively.
- Tooth extraction was associated with a significantly increased hazard of recurrence (HR=11.93, P=.043).
Conclusions:
- Treatment modality did not significantly impact RFS in this cohort.
- Extraction of teeth involved within the ameloblastoma lesion appears to be associated with improved RFS.
- Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.