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Updated: Aug 5, 2026
10:03
Swab Sampling Method for the Detection of Human Norovirus on Surfaces
Published on: February 6, 2017
Case-Fatality Risk of Norovirus, England, 2022-2025
Emerging Infectious Diseases
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Norovirus cases rose in England as GII.17 became dominant. However, only patient age and care setting, not the norovirus strain, impacted fatality risk. This suggests transmissibility or immunity changes may explain the incidence rise.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Norovirus is a significant cause of gastroenteritis globally.
- Genotype GII.4 has historically been the predominant norovirus strain.
- Recent shifts in dominant norovirus genotypes have been observed worldwide.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the trend of norovirus incidence in England between 2022 and 2025.
- To identify the dominant norovirus genotype during this period.
- To determine factors associated with norovirus case-fatality risk, including genotype, age, and care setting.
Main Methods:
- Utilized nationally linked norovirus testing data.
- Analyzed norovirus fatality data.
- Employed statistical methods to assess the association between genotype, age, care setting, and case-fatality risk.
Main Results:
- Norovirus incidence in England increased from 2022 to 2025.
- Genotype GII.17 replaced GII.4 as the dominant circulating strain.
- Age and care setting were significantly associated with case-fatality risk.
- Norovirus genotype was not found to be associated with case-fatality risk.
Conclusions:
- The increased norovirus incidence may be attributed to changes in viral transmissibility or population immunity.
- Public health strategies should consider age and care setting when managing norovirus outbreaks.
- Further research is needed to understand the impact of evolving norovirus genotypes on public health.
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