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Preparation of Single-cell Suspensions for Cytofluorimetric Analysis from Different Mouse Skin Regions
Published on: April 20, 2016
Dual Lineages of Langerhans Cells Cooperate to Restore the Immune Barrier after Skin Injury
Axel D Schmitter-Sánchez1,2, Nicholas Basista1, Sudhanshu Mishra1,2
1Institute For Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Abstract:
Langerhans cells (LCs) are key immune sentinels of the epidermis. How this network reorganizes to safeguard epidermal immunity after injury has remained unclear. Here, we uncover a previously unrecognized two-lineage program of LC repopulation during wound repair. Classically, tissue-resident embryonically derived LCs (eLCs) migrate to lymph nodes in response to antigens. In contrast, we find that injury triggers nearby eLCs to migrate into wounds, providing immediate coverage. In parallel, circulating monocytes infiltrate the skin and differentiate into long-lived monocyte-derived LCs (mLCs) that integrate stably into the network. We identify the chemokine receptor CXCR2 as a novel regulator of eLC migration into wounds, distinct from the CXCR4/CCR7 pathways mediating LC egress to lymph nodes. Pharmacological inhibition of CXCR2 impairs directional eLC migration and is accompanied by increased mLC infiltration, preserving immune barrier density. These findings reveal a coordinated and flexible two-lineage repair program that ensures robust restoration of epidermal immunity.
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