Predictive modeling for survival-related outcomes in lung cancer patients with brain metastases: a mini-review

Predicting survival in lung cancer patients, particularly those with brain metastases, is crucial for personalizing treatment plans and estimating patient prognosis. This minireview synthesizes findings from fifteen recent studies published between 2020 and 2026, focusing on survival prediction in lung cancer patients with brain metastases, with key outcomes including overall survival, progression-free survival, and intracranial progressionfree survival. Traditional and current approaches for predicting survival are discussed, along with comparisons between unimodal and multimodal approaches. Moreover, the strengths and limitations of existing methods are critically analyzed. The findings emphasize the potential of advanced predictive modeling to inform personalized treatment plans and improve survival outcomes in this high-risk population.