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Opportunities and Challenges in Lung Cancer Screening Implementation: A Narrative Review
Eduardo R Nunez1, Katrina A Steiling1, Virginia R Litle2
1The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
Current Challenges in Thoracic Surgery
|July 29, 2026
Summary
Implementing comprehensive lung cancer screening (LCS) programs requires careful planning and stakeholder engagement. Key factors include infrastructure, data registries, and smoking cessation support for high-risk individuals.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Preventive Medicine
- Healthcare Management
Background:
- Lung cancer screening is recommended for high-risk individuals by major health organizations.
- Developing effective lung cancer screening programs involves complex planning and regulatory considerations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence and guidelines for implementing high-quality lung cancer screening programs.
- To discuss practical considerations for program conception, implementation, and maintenance.
Main Methods:
- Review of available evidence and guideline recommendations.
- Discussion of key factors for program success, including stakeholder engagement and infrastructure.
- Examination of essential and recommended program components.
Main Results:
- Successful lung cancer screening program development necessitates coordinated planning.
- Stakeholder engagement, appropriate infrastructure, and data registries are crucial.
- Components like smoking cessation, patient navigators, and clinical coordinators enhance program quality.
Conclusions:
- Implementing a high-quality lung cancer screening program requires a multifaceted approach.
- Addressing pragmatic and regulatory aspects alongside clinical components is essential for success.
- Continuous improvement through recommended components ensures program effectiveness and patient adherence.