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Next-Generation Sequencing Identifies Three Novel HLA-B*40 Alleles, B*40:643, B*40:645 and B*40:646

Maria Loginova1,2, Olga Makhova1, Nadezhda Morozova1

  • 1Federal State Budget Research Institution, Kirov Hematology and Blood Transfusion Research Institute Under the Federal Medicine and Biology Agency, Kirov, Russia.

HLA
|July 30, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Researchers discovered three new Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles using next-generation sequencing. These novel HLA-B alleles contribute to the growing understanding of human immune system diversity.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Human Genetics

Background:

  • The Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) system is crucial for immune response.
  • Genetic diversity within HLA loci is essential for population health.
  • Continuous discovery of novel HLA alleles refines our understanding of immune variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles.
  • To expand the known repertoire of HLA-B locus variations.
  • To contribute to the HLA allele database for immunological research.

Main Methods:

  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was employed for high-resolution HLA typing.
  • Bioinformatic analysis was used to identify unique sequence variations.
  • Standard nomenclature rules were applied for allele designation.

Main Results:

  • Three previously unreported HLA alleles were identified: HLA-B*40:643, HLA-B*40:645, and HLA-B*40:646.
  • These novel alleles represent new variations within the HLA-B gene.
  • The findings add to the known genetic diversity of the HLA system.

Conclusions:

  • The identification of these novel HLA-B alleles enhances the accuracy of HLA typing.
  • This discovery has implications for transplantation, disease association studies, and population genetics.
  • Further research can explore the functional significance of these new alleles.

Keywords:
HLA‐B*40NGScoding changenew allele

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