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Work-related well-being and primary headache disorders among Japanese nurses: a cross-sectional structural equation
Yudai Goto1,2,3, Tomoaki Fujita2, Satoshi Kimura1
1Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Daiichi Red Cross Hospital, Japan.
Industrial Health
|July 30, 2026
Summary
Work-related well-being indirectly impacts nurses' primary headache disorders, including migraine and tension-type headache (TTH), through psychological health and sleep. Improving well-being may reduce headache prevalence in this occupational group.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Neurology
- Psychology
Background:
- Nurses experience occupational stressors like shift work and psychosocial stress linked to headaches.
- Pathways between work-related well-being (WRWB) and primary headache disorders in nurses are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the 1-year prevalence of primary headache disorders among acute care hospital nurses.
- To examine the indirect association of WRWB with headache outcomes via psychological health and sleep.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 247 nurses in Japan.
- Headache classification using the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition.
- Structural equation modeling to assess indirect associations of WRWB, psychological health, and sleep with headache disorders.
Main Results:
- High 1-year prevalence: 85.8% for any primary headache, 35.2% for migraine, 43.3% for tension-type headache (TTH).
- WRWB showed significant indirect associations with all headache types, but no direct associations.
- Migraine pathways involved psychological health and insomnia; TTH pathway involved sleep duration.
Conclusions:
- Findings highlight the indirect role of WRWB in nurses' headaches, mediated by psychological and sleep factors.
- Supports integrated approaches for occupational headache management in nursing.
- Emphasizes the need for organizational and individual strategies to improve nurse well-being and reduce headache burden.
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