Barriers and facilitators in identifying and addressing perinatal mood disorders: a healthcare provider perspective

Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMAD's) are the leading cause of maternal mortality, and one of the most common medical complications identified during the perinatal experience. Research indicates that the early identification of PMADs can result in more effective management of mental health conditions. By examining healthcare professionals' perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to these conversations, we can identify what helps or hinders effective dialogue. This understanding not only informs training and practice but also strengthens the use of screening tools, ensuring they are applied in ways that are meaningful, accessible, and responsive to patient needs.

We used a purposive sampling technique to recruit 19 providers who work in the United States; specifically, Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana. Semi-structured interviews with open-ended interview questions were conducted. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, and main themes emerged from the transcripts.

Four major themes were identified regarding screening barriers and facilitators for mental health care observed in OBGYN practice in the Midwest area: (1) Approaches to Screening and Assessment, (2) Provider Responses and Interventions, (3) Facilitators of Engagement and, (4) Barriers at Multiple Levels.

Study findings provide a comprehensive view of the screening barriers and facilitators perceived by these healthcare professionals during the perinatal period. These findings offer insight into how provider perspectives influence the implementation of mental health screening practices. Overall, results may offer evidence for improving screening protocols, provider training, and patient-centered approaches to perinatal mental health care.