Prospective Optical Lattice Clocks in Neutral Atoms with Hyperfine Structure

Optical lattice clocks combine the accuracy and stability required for next-generation frequency standards. At the heart of these clocks are carefully engineered optical lattices tuned to a wavelength where the differential AC Stark shift between ground and excited states vanishes-the so called 'magic' wavelength. To date, only alkaline-earth-like atoms utilizing clock transitions with total electronic angular momentum $J=0$ have successfully realized these magic wavelength optical lattices at the level necessary for state-of-the-art clock operation. In this article, we discuss two additional types of clock transitions utilizing states with $J\ne 0$ , leveraging hyperfine structure to satisfy the necessary requirements for controlling lattice-induced light shifts. We propose realizing (i) clock transitions between same-parity clock states with total angular momentum $F=0$ and (ii) M1/E2 clock transitions between a state with $F=0$ and a second state with $J=1/2$ , $m_F=0$ . We present atomic species which fulfill these requirements before giving a detailed discussion of both manganese and copper, demonstrating how these transitions provide the necessary suppression of fine structure-induced vector and tensor lattice light shifts for clock operations. Such realization of alternative optical lattice clocks promises to provide a rich variety of new atomic species for neutral atom clock operation, with applications from many-body physics to searches for new physics.