Dithiocarbamate derivatives: modern synthetic methods, mechanistic insights, and future perspectives

Organic dithiocarbamates are an important class of sulfur-containing compounds with widespread applications in various fields including, medicinal chemistry, agrochemicals, materials science, and catalysis, etc. The present review article summarizes recent advancements in the synthesis of organic dithiocarbamates, highlighting diverse synthetic strategies, including multicomponent reactions, catalyst-free as well as catalyst-assisted protocols, green and sustainable approaches, and solvent-free methodologies. The scope of these methods is critically discussed with respect to substrate compatibility, reaction efficiency, and functional group tolerance. Furthermore, key challenges such as catalyst recyclability, selectivity, scalability, and environmental concerns are discussed, providing insights into future directions for the development of efficient and sustainable dithiocarbamate synthesis.